CEST2025

The global transition toward sustainable energy systems and effective greenhouse gas mitigation has spurred growing interest in dry reforming technologies, particularly those utilizing carbon dioxide (CO2) as a key reactant. Dry reforming of propane and higher hydrocarbons (C3⁺) presents a promising route for the production of synthesis gas (syngas), a valuable mixture primarily composed of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO). This process not only converts hydrocarbon resources into useful chemical intermediates but also contributes to CO2 utilization, thereby reducing net greenhouse gas emissions. This study offers an in-depth analysis of dry reforming, encompassing thermodynamic evaluations, reaction kinetics, and catalyst engineering. Emphasis is placed on the development and optimization of rhenium-based catalysts supported on metal oxides, which demonstrate high catalytic activity and cost-effectiveness. Despite their advantages, these catalysts are susceptible to deactivation from carbon deposition (coking) and particle sintering. The research addresses these challenges by exploring mitigation strategies aimed at improving catalyst longevity and performance. Furthermore, the study investigates the effects of critical operating parameters including reaction temperature, pressure, and CO2 to hydrocarbon molar ratios on product distribution, with a focus on achieving optimal H2/CO ratios. These optimized syngas compositions are essential for applications such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and hydrogen production. Overall, this research enhances the understanding of dry reforming as a viable low-carbon technology. By effectively converting CO2 and hydrocarbons into high-value syngas, it contributes to the advancement of green chemistry and the development of sustainable energy pathways.