[{"command":"settings","settings":{"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"d9587e6f410d2e7f476e3da6cb10a457c78ab82347f962bf83d9020620f901dd"}},"merge":true},{"command":"add_css","data":[{"rel":"stylesheet","media":"all","href":"\/modules\/contrib\/addtocal\/addtocal.css?t2408i"},{"rel":"stylesheet","media":"all","href":"\/themes\/custom\/cest2025\/css\/components\/node.css?t2408i"}]},{"command":"add_js","selector":"body","data":[{"src":"\/core\/assets\/vendor\/jquery\/jquery.min.js?v=3.7.1"},{"src":"\/core\/assets\/vendor\/once\/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"},{"src":"\/core\/misc\/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=10.5.1"},{"src":"\/core\/misc\/drupal.js?v=10.5.1"},{"src":"\/core\/misc\/drupal.init.js?v=10.5.1"},{"src":"\/modules\/contrib\/addtocal\/addtocal.js?v=10.5.1"},{"src":"\/modules\/contrib\/addtocal\/addtocal-download.js?v=10.5.1"}]},{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\n\u003Carticle class=\u0022node node--type-presentation node--promoted node--view-mode-modal\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cdiv\u003ESession 3 - Solid waste management\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n      \u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EIndigenous systems of solid waste management: A Perspective of the African continent rural areas\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/b\u003E\n  \n      \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cb\u003ECEST ID: cest2025_00021\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n        \u003Cdiv class=\u0022mb-3\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cb\u003ERoom Panacea | Thu 4 Sep 2025 | 09:40 - 09:50 am\u003C\/b\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n          \n    \n  \n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022mt-10\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022clearfix text-formatted field field--name-presentation-body field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item\u0022\u003ELack of formal waste management systems and practices results in different indigenous systems of solid waste management emerging. These systems are not regulated because of lack of policies and regulations. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the indigenous systems of solid waste management in the rural areas of the African continent. To achieve this aim, the objective was to assess different practices of indigenous solid waste management in the rural communities of the African continent. This study was conducted in the rural areas of Maseru, Lesotho with 465 participants, and the researcher used literature review to include some areas of the African continent. This paper employed quantitative findings (expressed in numbers), qualitative findings (expressed in words), and observation data collection methods. Primary and secondary data were used, self-developed questionnaire was used. This study utilized a descriptive, ethnographic and direct observation research design. The unit of analysis was the communities residing in the rural areas of Maseru, Lesotho. Data were analysed in terms of indigenous systems practices of solid waste management and waste characteristics. International Business Management Statistical Package for Social Science Version 29.0 was used to analyze data. The results were presented in two phases of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The knowledge gaps emphasize the connection between waste, the environment and health in rural communities. Laws and environmental policies contribute to indigenous disposal of waste. Culture, norms, tradition, habit, values and beliefs of the rural communities support the indigenous disposal of solid waste. Similar disposal systems in most countries. Regulatory measures, specifically municipal by-laws must be established to control the effects of inappropriate handling and disposal of solid waste in the rural areas of African countries. This paper will contribute information and knowledge towards rural planning in solid waste management and sustainable development in rural areas of Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022mt-5 mb-5\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cspan\u003E\n          \u003Cb\u003EPresenter:\u003C\/b\u003E\n                      \u003Cp\u003E\n            Dr MPINANE Senekane\n            \u003C\/p\u003E\n                  \u003C\/span\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022mb-5\u0022\u003E\n          \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__label\u0022\u003E\n        Author\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cp\u003E\n          MPINANE Senekane\n        \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n","dialogOptions":{"width":"700","position":{"my":"right top","at":"right top"},"closeOnEscape":true,"dialogClass":"presentation-dialog","modal":true,"title":"","classes":{"ui-dialog":"presentation-dialog"}}}]