Conference on Environmental Science and Technology

Activated biochar derived from municipal woody waste presents a promising solution for mitigating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors from cattle manure emissions. Biochar was produced via slow pyrolysis at 450 oC and activated using physical and chemical methods, including phosphoric acid (H3PO4), to enhance adsorption properties. Activation significantly increased the biochar’s surface area, microporosity, and functional groups, improving its ability to adsorb VOCs, including odorous compounds like indole, p-Cresol, skatole, and dimethyl sulfides. Advanced characterization confirmed the biochar’s structural and chemical modifications, demonstrating improved adsorption efficiency. Batch adsorption experiments, using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS), showed VOC reductions exceeding 95%, highlighting the activated biochar’s effectiveness in odor control. The process was successfully scaled up in a semi-pilot kiln, ensuring product consistency between laboratory and larger-scale production. These findings position activated biochar as a sustainable solution for manure management, providing significant environmental and agricultural benefits. Its long-term performance and broader applications in odor and air quality management are expected to further enhance its impact in these sectors.